GIAC GCFA dumps

GIAC GCFA Exam Dumps

GIACCertified Forensics Analyst
512 Reviews

Exam Code GCFA
Exam Name GIACCertified Forensics Analyst
Questions 318 Questions Answers With Explanation
Update Date 04, 14, 2026
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GIAC GCFA Sample Question Answers

Question # 1

An organization monitors the hard disks of its employees' computers from time to time. Which policy does this pertain to? 

A. Network security policy 
B. User password policy 
C. Privacy policy 
D. Backup policy 



Question # 2

Which of the following statements are NOT true about volume boot record or Master Boot Record? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply. 

A. The end of MBR marker is h55CC. 
B. The actual program can be 512 bytes long. 
C. Volume boot sector is present at cylinder 0, head 0, and sector 1 of the default boot drive. 
D. Four 16 bytes master partition records are present in MBR. 



Question # 3

Which of the following types of evidence proves or disproves a specific act through oral testimony based on information gathered through the witness's five senses? 

A. Conclusive evidence 
B. Best evidence 
C. Hearsay evidence 
D. Direct evidence 



Question # 4

Which of the following is used to detect the bad sectors in a hard disk under Linux environment? 

A. Badblocks 
B. CheckDisk 
C. ScanDisk 
D. CHKDSK 



Question # 5

 Normally, RAM is used for temporary storage of data. But sometimes RAM data is stored in the hard disk, what is this method called? 

A. Cache memory 
B. Static memory 
C. Virtual memory 
D. Volatile memory 



Question # 6

 The incident response team has turned the evidence over to the forensic team. Now, it is the time to begin looking for the ways to improve the incident response process for next  time. What are the typical areas for improvement? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.

A. Information dissemination policy 
B. Additional personnel security controls 
C. Incident response plan 
D. Electronic monitoring statement 



Question # 7

Which of the following prevents malicious programs from attacking a system? 

A. Anti-virus program 
B. Smart cards 
C. Biometric devices 
D. Firewall 



Question # 8

Adam, a malicious hacker has successfully gained unauthorized access to the Linux system of Umbrella Inc. Web server of the company runs on Apache. He has downloaded sensitive documents and database files from the computer. After performing these malicious tasks, Adam finally runs the following command on the Linux command box before disconnecting. for (( i = 0;i<11;i++ )); do dd if=/dev/random of=/dev/hda && dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hda done Which of the following actions does Adam want to perform by the above command? 

A. Making a bit stream copy of the entire hard disk for later download. 
B. Deleting all log files present on the system. 
C. Wiping the contents of the hard disk with zeros. 
D. Infecting the hard disk with polymorphic virus strings. 



Question # 9

 Mark is the Administrator of a Linux computer. He wants to check the status of failed Telnet-based login attempts on the Linux computer. Which of the following shell commands will he use to accomplish the task? 

A. GREP 
B. CP 
C. FSCK
 D. CAT 



Question # 10

Adam works as a professional Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator. He works with the local police. A project has been assigned to him to investigate an iPod, which was seized from a student of the high school. It is suspected that the explicit child pornography contents are stored in the iPod. Adam wants to investigate the iPod extensively. Which of the following operating systems will Adam use to carry out his investigations in more extensive and elaborate manner? 

A. Linux 
B. MINIX 3 
C. Windows XP 
D. Mac OS 



Question # 11

 You work as a Network Administrator for Blue Bell Inc. You want to install Windows XP Professional on your computer, which already has Windows Me installed. You want to configure your computer to dual boot between Windows Me and Windows XP Professional. You have a single 40GB hard disk. Which of the following file systems will you choose to dual-boot between the two operating systems?

 A. NTFS 
B. FAT32 
C. CDFS 
D. FAT 



Question # 12

Which of the following is a type of intruder detection that involves logging network events to a file for an administrator to review later? 

A. Packet detection 
B. Passive detection 
C. Active detection 
D. Event detection 



Question # 13

Which of the following file systems contains hardware settings of a Linux computer? 

A. /var 
B. /etc 
C. /proc 
D. /home 



Question # 14

You want to upgrade a partition in your computer's hard disk drive from FAT to NTFS. Which of the following DOS commands will you use to accomplish this?

 A. FORMAT C: /s 
B. CONVERT 
C: /fs:ntfs C. SYS C: 
D. FDISK /mbr 



Question # 15

John works as a professional Ethical Hacker. He is assigned a project to test the security of www.weare-secure.com. He is working on the Linux operating system. He wants to sniff the we-are-secure network and intercept a conversation between two employees of the company through session hijacking. Which of the following tools will John use to accomplish the task? 

A. Ethercap  
B. Tripwire 
C. Hunt 
D. IPChains 



Question # 16

Which of the following methods is used by forensic investigators to acquire an image over the network in a secure manner? 

A. DOS boot disk 
B. Linux Live CD 
C. Secure Authentication for EnCase (SAFE)
 D. EnCase with a hardware write blocker 



Question # 17

Which of the following switches of the XCOPY command copies attributes while copying files? 

A. /o 
B. /p 
C. /k 
D. /s 



Question # 18

Peter works as a Technical Representative in a CSIRT for SecureEnet Inc. His team is called to investigate the computer of an employee, who is suspected for classified data theft. Suspect's computer runs on Windows operating system. Peter wants to collect data and evidences for further analysis. He knows that in Windows operating system, the data is searched in pre-defined steps for proper and efficient analysis. Which of the following is the correct order for searching data on a Windows based system?

A. Volatile data, file slack, registry, memory dumps, file system, system state backup, internet traces 
B. Volatile data, file slack, registry, system state backup, internet traces, file system, memory dumps 
C. Volatile data, file slack, internet traces, registry, memory dumps, system state backup, file system 
D. Volatile data, file slack, file system, registry, memory dumps, system state backup, internet traces 



Question # 19

John works as a professional Ethical Hacker. He has been assigned a project for testing the security of www.we-are-secure.com. He wants to corrupt an IDS signature database so that performing attacks on the server is made easy and he can observe the flaws in the We-are-secure server. To perform his task, he first of all sends a virus that continuously changes its signature to avoid detection from IDS. Since the new signature of the virus does not match the old signature, which is entered in the IDS signature database, IDS becomes unable to point out the malicious virus. Which of the following IDS evasion attacks is John performing? 

A. Evasion attack 
B. Session splicing attack 
C. Insertion attack 
D. Polymorphic shell code attack 



Question # 20

Which of the following IP addresses are private addresses? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply

. A. 19.3.22.17 
B. 192.168.15.2 
C. 192.166.54.32 
D. 10.0.0.3 



Question # 21

Which of the following sections of an investigative report covers the background and summary of the report including the outcome of the case and the list of allegations?

 A. Section 2 
B. Section 4 
C. Section 3 
D. Section 1 



Question # 22

You work as a Web developer for ABC Inc. You want to investigate the Cross-Site Scripting attack on your company's Web site. Which of the following methods of investigation can you use to accomplish the task? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.

 A. Review the source of any HTML-formatted e-mail messages for embedded scripts or links in the URL to the company's site. 
B. Look at the Web server's logs and normal traffic logging.  
C. Use Wireshark to capture traffic going to the server and then searching for the requests going to the input page, which may give log of the malicious traffic and the IP address of the source. 
D. Use a Web proxy to view the Web server transactions in real time and investigate any communication with outside servers.



Question # 23

Sandra, a novice computer user, works on Windows environment. She experiences some problem regarding bad sectors formed in a hard disk of her computer. She wants to run CHKDSK command to check the hard disk for bad sectors and to fix the errors, if any, occurred. Which of the following switches will she use with CHKDSK command to accomplish the task? 

A. CHKDSK /I 
B. CHKDSK /C /L 
C. CHKDSK /V /X 
D. CHKDSK /R /F 



Question # 24

Adam works as a professional Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator. A project has been assigned to him to investigate the main server of SecureEnet Inc. The server runs on Debian Linux operating system. Adam wants to investigate and review the GRUB configuration file of the server system. Which of the following files will Adam investigate to accomplish the task?

 A. /boot/grub/menu.lst 
B. /boot/grub/grub.conf 
C. /boot/boot.conf 
D. /grub/grub.com 



Question # 25

Which of the following is the process of comparing cryptographic hash functions of system executables and configuration files? 

A. Spoofing 
B. File integrity auditing 
C. Reconnaissance 
D. Shoulder surfing 



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