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Eccouncil 312-50v10 Sample Question Answers
Question # 1
Which of the following is a protocol specifically designed for transporting event messages?
A. SYSLOG B. SMS C. SNMP D. ICMP
Answer: A Explanation: syslog is a standard for message logging. It permits separation of the software that
generates messages, the system that stores them, and the software that reports and
analyzes them. Each message is labeled with a facility code, indicating the software type
generating the message, and assigned a severity label.
References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syslog#Network_protocol
Question # 2
A company's Web development team has become aware of a certain type of security
vulnerability in their Web software. To mitigate the possibility of this vulnerability being
exploited, the team wants to modify the software requirements to disallow users from
entering HTML as input into their Web application. What kind of Web application vulnerability likely exists in their software?
A. Cross-site scripting vulnerability B. Cross-site Request Forgery vulnerability C. SQL injection vulnerability D. Web site defacement vulnerability
Answer: A
Explanation: Many operators of particular web applications (e.g. forums and webmail) allow users to
utilize a limited subset of HTML markup. When accepting HTML input from users (say,
very large), output encoding (such as <b>very</b> large) will not suffice
since the user input needs to be rendered as HTML by the browser (so it shows as "very
large", instead of "very large"). Stopping an XSS attack when accepting HTML
input from users is much more complex in this situation. Untrusted HTML input must be run
through an HTML sanitization engine to ensure that it does not contain cross-site scripting
code. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosssite_scripting#Safely_validating_untrusted_HTML_input
Question # 3
Internet Protocol Security IPSec is actually a suite of protocols. Each protocol within the
suite provides different functionality. Collective IPSec does everything except.
A. Protect the payload and the headers B. Authenticate C. Encrypt D. Work at the Data Link Layer
Answer: D
Question # 4
You want to do an ICMP scan on a remote computer using hping2. What is the proper
syntax?
A. hping2 host.domain.com B. hping2 --set-ICMP host.domain.com C. hping2 -i host.domain.com D. hping2 -1 host.domain.com
Answer: D
Question # 5
What is the correct process for the TCP three-way handshake connection establishment
and connection termination?
A. Connection Establishment: FIN, ACK-FIN, ACKConnection Termination: SYN, SYNACK, ACK B. Connection Establishment: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACKConnection Termination: ACK, ACK SYN, SYN C. Connection Establishment: ACK, ACK-SYN, SYNConnection Termination: FIN, ACKFIN, ACK D. Connection Establishment: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACKConnection Termination: FIN, ACKFIN, ACK
Answer: D
Question # 6
In Risk Management, how is the term "likelihood" related to the concept of "threat?"
A. Likelihood is the probability that a threat-source will exploit a vulnerability. B. Likelihood is a possible threat-source that may exploit a vulnerability. C. Likelihood is the likely source of a threat that could exploit a vulnerability. D. Likelihood is the probability that a vulnerability is a threat-source.
Answer: A Explanation: The ability to analyze the likelihood of threats within the organization is a critical step in
building an effective security program. The process of assessing threat probability should
be well defined and incorporated into a broader threat analysis process to be effective. References:
http://www.mcafee.com/campaign/securitybattleground/resources/chapter5/whitepaper-onassessing-threat...
Question # 7
Which of the following is considered the best way to protect Personally Identifiable
Information (PII) from Web application vulnerabilities?
A. Use cryptographic storage to store all PII B. Use encrypted communications protocols to transmit PII C. Use full disk encryption on all hard drives to protect PII D. Use a security token to log into all Web applications that use PII
Which of the following tools is used to analyze the files produced by several packet-capture
programs such as tcpdump, WinDump, Wireshark, and EtherPeek?
A. tcptrace B. tcptraceroute C. Nessus D. OpenVAS
Answer: A Explanation: tcptrace is a tool for analysis of TCP dump files. It can take as input the files produced by
several popular packet-capture programs, including tcpdump/WinDump/Wireshark, snoop,
EtherPeek, and Agilent NetMetrix. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcptrace
Question # 9
Which of the following security operations is used for determining the attack surface of an
organization?
A. Running a network scan to detect network services in the corporate DMZ B. Training employees on the security policy regarding social engineering C. Reviewing the need for a security clearance for each employee D. Using configuration management to determine when and where to apply security patches
An attacker with access to the inside network of a small company launches a successful
STP manipulation attack. What will he do next?
A. He will create a SPAN entry on the spoofed root bridge and redirect traffic to his
computer. B. He will activate OSPF on the spoofed root bridge. C. He will repeat the same attack against all L2 switches of the network. D. He will repeat this action so that it escalates to a DoS attack.
Answer: A
Question # 11
A new wireless client is configured to join a 802.11 network. This client uses the same
hardware and software as many of the other clients on the network. The client can see the
network, but cannot connect. A wireless packet sniffer shows that the Wireless Access
Point (WAP) is not responding to the association requests being sent by the wireless client.What is a possible source of this problem?
A. The WAP does not recognize the client’s MAC address B. The client cannot see the SSID of the wireless network C. Client is configured for the wrong channel D. The wireless client is not configured to use DHCP
Answer: A Explanation: MAC Filtering (or GUI filtering, or layer 2 address filtering) refers to a security access
control method whereby the 48-bit address assigned to each network card is used to
determine access to the network. MAC Filtering is often used on wireless networks. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_filtering
Question # 12
Which protocol is used for setting up secured channels between two devices, typically in
VPNs?
A. IPSEC B. PEM C. SET D. PPP
Answer: A
Question # 13
You are an Ethical Hacker who is auditing the ABC company. When you verify the NOC
one of the machines has 2 connections, one wired and the other wireless. When you verify
the configuration of this Windows system you find two static routesroute add 10.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1route add 0.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 199.168.0.1What is the main purpose of those static routes?
A. Both static routes indicate that the traffic is external with different gateway. B. The first static route indicates that the internal traffic will use an external gateway and the second static route indicates that the traffic will be rerouted. C. Both static routes indicate that the traffic is internal with different gateway. D. The first static route indicates that the internal addresses are using the internal gateway and the second static route indicates that all the traffic that is not internal must go to an external gateway.
Answer: D
Question # 14
A penetration test was done at a company. After the test, a report was written and given to
the company's IT authorities. A section from the report is shown below:According to the section from the report, which of the following choice is true?
A. MAC Spoof attacks cannot be performed. B. Possibility of SQL Injection attack is eliminated. C. A stateful firewall can be used between intranet (LAN) and DMZ. D. There is access control policy between VLANs.
Answer: C
Question # 15
The establishment of a TCP connection involves a negotiation called 3 way handshake.
What type of message sends the client to the server in order to begin this negotiation?
A. RST B. ACK C. SYN-ACK D. SYN
Answer: D
Question # 16
To maintain compliance with regulatory requirements, a security audit of the systems on a
network must be performed to determine their compliance with security policies. Which one
of the following tools would most likely be used in such an audit?
A. Vulnerability scanner B. Protocol analyzer C. Port scanner D. Intrusion Detection System
Answer: A Explanation: A vulnerability scanner is a computer program designed to assess computers, computer
systems, networks or applications for weaknesses.
They can be run either as part of vulnerability management by those tasked with protecting
systems - or by black hat attackers looking to gain unauthorized access. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulnerability_scanner
Question # 17
During a security audit of IT processes, an IS auditor found that there were no documented
security procedures. What should the IS auditor do?
A. Identify and evaluate existing practices B. Create a procedures document C. Conduct compliance testing D. Terminate the audit
Answer: A Explanation: The auditor should first evaluated existing policies and practices to identify problem areas
and opportunities.
Question # 18
Websites and web portals that provide web services commonly use the Simple Object
Access Protocol SOAP. Which of the following is an incorrect definition or characteristics in
the protocol?
A. Based on XML B. Provides a structured model for messaging C. Exchanges data between web services D. Only compatible with the application protocol HTTP
Answer: D
Question # 19
PGP, SSL, and IKE are all examples of which type of cryptography?
A. Public Key B. Secret Key C. Hash Algorithm D. Digest
Answer: A Explanation: Public-key algorithms are fundamental security ingredients in cryptosystems, applications
and protocols. They underpin various Internet standards, such as Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL),Transport Layer Security (TLS), S/MIME, PGP, Internet Key Exchange (IKE or
IKEv2), and GPG. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography
Question # 20
Which of the following is a passive wireless packet analyzer that works on Linux-based
systems?
A. Burp Suite B. OpenVAS C. tshark D. Kismet
Answer: D
Question # 21
In both pharming and phishing attacks an attacker can create websites that look similar to
legitimate sites with the intent of collecting personal identifiable information from its victims.
What is the difference between pharming and phishing attacks?
A. In a pharming attack a victim is redirected to a fake website by modifying their host
configuration file or by exploiting vulnerabilities in DNS. In a phishing attack an attacker
provides the victim with a URL that is either misspelled or looks similar to the actual
websites domain name. B. Both pharming and phishing attacks are purely technical and are not considered forms
of social engineering. C. Both pharming and phishing attacks are identical. D. In a phishing attack a victim is redirected to a fake website by modifying their host
configuration file or by exploiting vulnerabilities in DNS. In a pharming attack an attacker
provides the victim with a URL that is either misspelled or looks very similar to the actual
websites domain name.
Answer: A
Question # 22
Which method of password cracking takes the most time and effort?
A. Brute force B. Rainbow tables C. Dictionary attack D. Shoulder surfing
Answer: A Explanation: Brute-force cracking, in which a computer tries every possible key or password until it
succeeds, is typically very time consuming. More common methods of password cracking,
such as dictionary attacks, pattern checking, word list substitution, etc. attempt to reduce
the number of trials required and will usually be attempted before brute force. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_cracking
Question # 23
The "black box testing" methodology enforces which kind of restriction?
A. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester. B. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester. C. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester. D. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester.
Answer: A Explanation: Black-box testing is a method of software testing that examines the functionality of an
application without peering into its internal structures or workings. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-box_testing
Question # 24
An incident investigator asks to receive a copy of the event logs from all firewalls, proxy
servers, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) on the network of an organization that has
experienced a possible breach of security. When the investigator attempts to correlate the
information in all of the logs, the sequence of many of the logged events do not match up.What is the most likely cause?
A. The network devices are not all synchronized. B. Proper chain of custody was not observed while collecting the logs. C. The attacker altered or erased events from the logs. D. The security breach was a false positive.
Answer: A Explanation: Time synchronization is an important middleware service of distributed systems, amongst
which Distributed Intrusion Detection System (DIDS) makes extensive use of time
synchronization in particular. References:
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5619315&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieee
xplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5619315
Question # 25
An attacker attaches a rogue router in a network. He wants to redirect traffic to a LAN
attached to his router as part of a man-in-the-middle attack. What measure on behalf of the
legitimate admin can mitigate this attack?
A. Only using OSPFv3 will mitigate this risk. B. Make sure that legitimate network routers are configured to run routing protocols with authentication. C. Redirection of the traffic cannot happen unless the admin allows it explicitly. D. Disable all routing protocols and only use static routes.
Answer: B
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